In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Python Imaging Library (PIL) fork, Pillow, to manipulate and work with images in Python. The pillow is a powerful and easy-to-use library that enables you to perform various image processing tasks such as opening, resizing, cropping, and even adding watermarks to images.
Step 1: Install Pillow
To get started, you need to install the library using pip:
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pip install pillow |
Once installed, check the installation by importing the package and checking its version:
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from PIL import Image print(Image.__version__) |
Step 2: Opening Images
To open an image using Pillow, you can use the Image.open() function. Let’s say we have an image file named “example.jpg”:
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from PIL import Image image = Image.open("robot.jpg") |
Step 3: Displaying Images
To display the image we opened in the previous step, you can use the show() method:
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image.show() |
Step 4: Resizing Images
To resize an image, you can use the resize() method. It takes the desired size as a tuple containing the width and height of the new image. Here is an example of resizing an image to 200×200 pixels:
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resized_image = image.resize((200, 200)) resized_image.show() |
Step 5: Cropping Images
You can crop an image using the crop() method. This method takes a tuple containing the left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinates of the cropping box. The example below crops the image to a 100×100 pixels box starting at (10, 10):
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cropped_image = image.crop((10, 10, 110, 110)) cropped_image.show() |
Step 6: Rotating and Flipping Images
To rotate an image, you can use the rotate() method, which takes the number of degrees as its argument. The following example rotates the image by 45 degrees:
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rotated_image = image.rotate(45) rotated_image.show() |
You can also flip images using the transpose() method, which takes a transpose operation as its argument:
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from PIL import ImageOps flipped_image = ImageOps.flip(image) # Vertical flipping flipped_image.show() |
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from PIL import ImageOps flopped_image = ImageOps.mirror(image) # Horizontal flipping flopped_image.show() |
Step 7: Saving Images
After processing an image, you can save it to a file using the save() method. The method takes the file path and, optionally, the format:
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cropped_image.save("cropped_robot.jpg", "JPEG") |
Full Code
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from PIL import Image # Open image image = Image.open("robot.jpg") # Display image image.show() # Resize image resized_image = image.resize((200, 200)) resized_image.show() # Crop image cropped_image = image.crop((10, 10, 110, 110)) cropped_image.show() # Rotate image rotated_image = image.rotate(45) rotated_image.show() # Flip image from PIL import ImageOps flipped_image = ImageOps.flip(image) # Vertical flipping flipped_image.show() flopped_image = ImageOps.mirror(image) # Horizontal flipping flopped_image.show() # Save image cropped_image.save("cropped_robot.jpg", "JPEG") |
Conclusion
You have now explored the basics of using Pillow for image processing in Python. With this powerful library, you can easily manipulate images in various ways such as resizing, cropping, and rotating them, among others.
This tutorial should provide you with a solid foundation, so feel free to explore the official Pillow documentation to learn about more advanced capabilities of the library.